Nestled in Nepal’s rain shadow below the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri ranges, the Upper Mustang Trek offers an incredible adventure into the secluded and ethereal old Kingdom of Lo. Known as the “Last Forbidden Kingdom,” Upper Mustang was closed to outsiders until 1992 and still requires a qualified guide and specific permits. It is unlike anything else on offer in Nepal that comprises the stunning desert landscapes, ancient Tibetan Buddhism, vibrant monasteries and mysterious caves. Trail ends at Lo Manthang, the wallsed capital of the Mustang Kingdom, following the historic salt trade route through flat valleys and towering cliffs, as well as the many medieval settlements.The hike usually takes 12 to 15 days and reaches a maximum elevation of 4,200 meters (13,780 feet). The site is in a rain-shadow zone, making it perfect even during the monsoon season (June–August), however, the best seasons to hike are spring (March–May) and fall (September–November).
Highlights
- Visit Lo Manthang, a medieval walled city with a royal palace and monasteries.
- Discover enigmatic cave residences such as Chhoser and Jhong caverns.
- The landscape is breathtaking, reminiscent of a desert, with eroded cliffs, gorges, and colorful rock formations.
- There are centuries-old gompas, historic chortens, and a rich Tibetan Buddhist culture.
- If scheduled properly, traditional Mustang celebrations like the Tiji Festival (in May) can be held.
- The location offers magnificent views of the Annapurna, Nilgiri, and Dhaulagiri mountain ranges.
- Genuine feeling of traveling back in time to the Himalayan Middle Ages.
Quick Summary
| Max Altitude | 4,200m (varies around Lo Manthang) |
| Duration | 12–15 days |
| Difficulty | Moderate |
| Best Time | Spring, Autumn, and even Monsoon |
| Permits | Upper Mustang RAP + ACAP |
| Starting Point | Jomsom |
Typical Itinerary (Standard 14 Days)
Day 1
Drive or fly from Kathmandu to Pokhara
Day 2
Fly from Pokhara to Jomsom (2,720m) and trek to Kagbeni (2,800m)
Day 3
Trek to Chele
Day 4
Trek to Syanbochen
Day 5
Trek to Ghami
Day 6
Trek to Tsarang
Day 7
Trek to Lo Manthang
Day 8
Explore Lo Manthang and visit Chhoser caves or Namgyal Gompa
Day 9
Trek back to Drakmar
Day 10
Trek to Ghiling
Day 11
Trek to Chhuksang
Day 12
Trek to Jomsom
Day 13
Fly back to Pokhara
Day 14
Drive or fly back to Kathmandu
Note: Some itineraries adjust by adding one more rest day in Lo Manthang or by visiting Yara and Luri Gompa.
Trekking Permit Requirements
Two permits are required:
- Upper Mustang Restricted Area Permit (RAP)
- Price: USD 500 per person for the first 10 days, and USD 50/day thereafter
- Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP)
- NPR 3,000 (~USD 22–25)
- Licensed Guide and registered trekking agency are compulsory.
✅ Solo trekking is not allowed in Upper Mustang.
Accommodation and Food
- Teahouses/Lodges: Simple but decent, improving in Lo Manthang.
- Food: Dal bhat, Tibetan bread, thukpa (noodle soup), momos, pasta, and limited bakery items. Yak cheese is a specialty!
Important Tips
- Altitude Preparation:
➔ Although the altitude is moderate compared to Everest or Manaslu, acclimatization is still important.
➔ Drink plenty of water and go up gradually. - Weather:
➔ Expect strong winds in the afternoon — most trekkers start walking early each day. - Packing List Must-Haves:
- Good windproof jacket (wind is strong)
- Layered clothing for cold mornings and sunny days
- Sunglasses and sunblock (high UV exposure)
- Buff or scarf to protect against dust
- Lightweight sleeping bag (teahouses may provide blankets, but better to have your own)
- Water purification method (few natural water sources)
- Travel Insurance: Make sure that it covers walking up to 4,500 meters and helicopter evacuation.
Alternative Routes
- Drive to Lo Manthang: A road now connects Jomsom and Lo Manthang, allowing a Jeep-assisted journey for those short on time, though it’s less adventurous.
- Upper Mustang with Tiji Festival Trek: Time your trek during May to witness the colorful and spiritual Tiji Festival in Lo Manthang!
Why People Love the Upper Mustang Trek?
- Trekking through an ancient, preserved Tibetan Buddhist kingdom.
- The unique desert-like scenery completely different from the lush green hills of other treks.
- Cultural immersion into lifestyles that have remained unchanged for centuries.
- Opportunity to witness traditional festivals and rituals.
- One of Nepal’s few monsoon-season friendly treks!
Fun Fact
- Upper Mustang was a separate kingdom until 2008, with its own royal family still respected by the locals, even today.
- Lo Manthang’s wall dates back to the 15th century and is listed as a tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Looking for Help?
Do you also like me to make a sample, comprehensive, day-by-day itinerary that includes elevations, anticipated trekking hours, and pictures? 📸 🚶 If you are considering doing it, it can help you plan even more effectively! “✨” Contact us for help.
